狀語從句課件(集合十七篇)_狀語從句課件

發布時間：2024-07-22

狀語從句課件(集合十七篇)。

? 狀語從句課件

1.There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive，however lucky and robust we are，突破考研英語高分之剖析狀語從句。

[參考譯文] 不管我們多么幸運，多么健壯，我們所希望的長壽年齡實際上是有限度的。

[結構分析] 該句分為兩部分：(There is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive, ) (however lucky and robust we are。)，第一部分是主句，第二部分是however引導的讓步狀語從句；主句中on…alive是介詞短語，作limit的后置定語，how引導的從句是介詞on的賓語，該從句的主語是we，謂語是can hope to remain，表語是alive；讓步狀語從句的主語是we，謂語是are，表語是lucky and robust。這句話翻譯時也要將從句提前，然后再譯主句。

[知識鏈接] virtual實際的；remain保持；a limit on…對……有限制；alive活著的；lucky幸運的；robust健壯的。

2. While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role, informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development。

[參考譯文] 盡管正式的學習過程是由挑選出來擔當此角色的教師來進行的，非正式的學習過程卻是作為孩子成長的自然一部分而完成的。

[結構分析] 該句可拆分為兩部分，(While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role,) (informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development. )，第一部分是While引導的讓步狀語從句，第二部分是主句；從句中，formal learning是主語，謂語是is transmitted，過去分詞selected作teachers的后置定語，是不定式to perform this role作selected的目的狀語；主句中，informal learning是主語，謂語是is acquired，介詞短語as a natural part of a child's development作acquired的結果狀語。

[知識鏈接] while盡管，雖然；formal learning正式的學習過程；transmit傳遞；perform從事，執行；informal learning非正式的學習過程；acquire獲??；development發展(這里活譯為“成長”)。

3. While the roots of social psychology lie in the intellectual soil of the whole western civilization, its present flowering is recognized to be characteristically an American phenomenon。

[參考譯文] 雖然社會心理學根植于整個西方文明的知識土壤里，其今日的繁盛卻被認為是典型的美國現象。

[結構分析] 該句可拆分為兩部分：(While the roots of social psychology lie in the intellectual soil of the whole western civilization,) (its present flowering is recognized to be characteristically an American phenomenon. )，第一部分是以While引導的讓步狀語從句，第二部分是主句；從句中，主語是the roots，謂語是lie in，of social psychology是roots的后置定語，the intellectual…western civilization是介詞in的賓語，of the whole western civilization是soil 的后置定語；主句的主語是its present flowering，其中的its指代前面的roots，謂語是is recognized，不定式to be...an American phenomenon作主語flowering的補足語，考研英語《突破考研英語高分之剖析狀語從句》。

[知識鏈接] social psychology社會心理學；1ie in存在于……；intellectual知識的，知識分子；civilization文明；flowering開花(活譯為“繁盛”)；be recognized to be..。被看作……；characteristically典型地。

4. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable, although competition is。

[參考譯文] 雖然這種競爭會引發以他人利益為代價的領土擴張行動，因此也會引發沖突，但卻不能認為類似于戰爭的國家間的沖突不可避免，盡管競爭是不可避免的。

[結構分析] 該句可拆分為三大部分；(White it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, ) (it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable,) (although competition is. )，第一部分是While引導的讓步狀語從句，第二部分是主句，第三部分是although引導的讓步狀語從句；第一部分的主語是山指代后面的that從句，實際上，While it is true that已形成固定結構，參見知識鏈接，that從句的主語是this competition，謂語是may induce，賓語是efforts，不定式to expand territory作efforts的后置定語，at the expense of others作expand的狀語；and之后的lead to是謂語，與前面的`induce并列，conflict是賓語；主句中的主語是it,指代后面的that從句，該從句的主語是conflict，謂語動詞是is，表語是inevitable，復合形容詞war-like作conflict的定語，among other nations作conflict的后置定語；第三部分although從句的主語是competition，謂語是is，表語是inevitable，承前省略了。該句的第二部分，即主句運用了被動語態，在翻譯時要譯為漢語的主動語態，這是常用的一條原則，因為英文多被動，漢語多主動。

[知識鏈接] while it is true that..。雖然……是(正確的)；competition競爭；induce引發，導致；territory領土；領地；at the expense of…以……為代價；conflict沖突；war-like類似于戰爭的；inevitable不可避免的。

5. While it is true that to date the Internet seems to be favoring the most developed sectors of the international community over the less developed, this need not always be the case。

[參考譯文] 盡管迄今為止互聯網似乎更加青睞國際社會中的發達領域，而非不太發達的領域，情形并不總是如此。

[結構分析] 該句可拆分為兩部分：(While it is true that to date the Internet seems to be favoring the most developed sectors of the international community over the less developed,) (this need not always be the case. )，第一部分是While引導的讓步狀語從句，第二部分是主句；從句中，it是形式主語，指代后面的that從句，While it is true that已形成固定結構，參見知識鏈接，that從句主語是the Internet，謂語是seems，不定式to be..。作表語，介詞短語over the less developed作favoring的狀語；主句比較簡單，主語是this，指代從句內容，謂語是need not always be，表語是the case。

[知識鏈接] while it is true that盡管，雖然；to date迄今；favor青睞，重視；sector部門，領域；the international community國際社會。

? 狀語從句課件

定語從句2014

1.The exact year _______ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which

2.I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where

3.Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where

4.We'll reach the sales targets in a month _____we set at the beginning of the year.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what

5.I am looking forward to the day ____________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.A.asB.whyC.whenD.where

6.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _______ a good impression is a must.A.whichB.whenC.asD.where

7.A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.why

8.Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

9.Until now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, _______ is quite unexpected.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.it

10.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently.A.all of whichB.each of whichC.all of themD.each of them

11.I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why

20141-11DBDACDBABBA

? 狀語從句課件

引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞(以下稱引導詞)很多，為方便記憶，現作以下分類：

1. 基本類

包括before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, once, as soon as 等。如：

Did anyone call when I was out? 我不在家時誰來過電話嗎?

We have known each other since we were children. 我們從小認識。

Youll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完藥丸后你會感到好一些。

Make sure that all the lights are off before you go to bed. 睡覺前一定要關燈。

Dont promise him anything till weve had time to think about it. 在我們有時間考慮之前別答應他什么。

2. 名詞類

即由名詞詞組充當引導詞，包括the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 等(均表示一就。如

I loved you the instant (that) I saw you. 我一見到你就愛上你了。

Tell me the moment (that) you get the results. 你一拿到結果就給我打電話。

? 狀語從句課件

狀語從句內容豐富，涉及面廣，可以用來表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、目的、結果、等意義，那么狀語從句如何翻譯呢?以下是小編整理的狀語從句如何翻譯，希望對大家有所幫助。

一、時間狀語從句

在英語中，時間狀語從句的連接詞常常有：when(當...的時候)，whenever(每當...)，as(當...時)， since(自從...)，until(直到...，如果不....)，till(直到...)，before(在...前)，after(在...后)，as soon as(一...就)，once(一旦...)，the moment(一...就)，immediately(一...就)，the day(在...那天)，no sooner... than(一...就)，hardly(scarcely)... when(一...就)，the instant(一...就)，instantly(一...就)，directly(一...就)，the minute(一...就)，the second(一...就)，every time(每當...)，by the time(等到....的時候)等。翻譯的時候，一般翻譯在主句的前面。

(一)譯成相應的時間狀語

While she spoke, the tears were running down.

她說話時，淚水直流。

As he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.

他結束講話的時候，聽眾掌聲雷動。

(二)譯成“一(剛、每)...就”的結構

Directly he uttered these words there was a dead silence.

他剛說出這些話，大家就沉默下來。

(三)譯成條件句

由于時間狀語的引導詞除了顯示時間關系之外，有時候可以表示條件關系，

所以還可以翻譯為條件句。

Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.

如果機器發生故障，就把電門關上。

A body at rest will not move till a force is exerted on it.

若無外力的作用，靜止的物體不會移動。

二、原因狀語從句

英語中，原因狀語從句的連接詞常常是：because(因為)，since(既然，由于)，as(因為)，now that(既然)，seeing that(既然)，considering that(考慮到，因為)，in that(在某方面)，in view of the fact that(鑒于)。在翻譯的時候，大多數原因狀語從句可以放在主句之前翻譯。

(一)譯成表示“原因”的分句，放在主句之前翻譯，顯示“前因后果”的關系。

The crops failed because the season was dry.

因為氣候干旱，作物歉收。

(二)原因狀語從句在漢語中的位置，常常是“前因后果”。然而，英語則比較靈活，狀語從句可以在主句前，也可以在主句后面。所以在翻譯為漢語譯文時，也有放在后面的。如果把原因狀語從句放在主句后面翻譯的話，有時候可以用漢語的“之所以...是因為”的結構來連接。

A gas differs from solid in that it has no definite shape.

氣體不同于固體是因為(就在于)它沒有固定的形狀。

He will get promoted, for he has done good work.

他將得到提升，因為他工作干得好。

Theory is valuable because it can provide a direction for practice.

理論之所以有價值，是因為它能給實踐指出方向。

(三)not...because的結構

在翻譯由because引導的具有否定意義的原因狀語從句時，尤其要注意否定意義的表達一定要確切。not與because發生關系，常常要翻譯成“并不是因為...”。

The machine did not move because the fuel was used up.

機器停了下來，并不是因為燃料耗盡了。

三、條件狀語從句

英語中連接條件狀語從句的連接詞常常有：if(如果)，unless(除非，如果不)，providing that(假如)，so long as(只要)，on condition that(條件是)，suppose that(假如)，in case(如果)，only if(只要)，if only(但愿，要是...就好了)等。條件狀語從句在翻譯的時候，可以翻譯在主句之前，也可以翻譯在主句后面，有時候，還可以根據上下文省略連接詞。

(一)翻譯在主句前面。

It was better in case they were captured.

要是把他們捉到了，那就更好了。

If you tell me about it, then I shall be able to decide.

假如你把一切都告訴我，那么我就能夠作出決定。

(二)翻譯在主句后面，用來補充說明條件。

“如果”、“要是”、“假如”等都是漢語中用來表示“假設”的常用關聯詞。漢語中表示“假設”的分句一般前置，但作為補充說明情況的分句則往往后置。

You can drive tonight if you are ready.

你今晚就可以出車，如果你愿意的話。

No doubt I could earned something if I had really meant to.

毫無疑問，我本來是可以賺到一點的，如果我真有那樣打算的.話。

四、讓步狀語從句

英語中，表示讓步關系的連接詞常常有：though(雖然)，although(雖然)，even if(即使)，as(盡管)，while(盡管)，whatever(無論什么)，wherever(無論哪里)，whoever(無論誰)，however(無論怎樣)，no matter(不論，不管)，for all that(盡管)，granted that(即使)，in spite of that fact that(盡管)，despite the fact that(不管)等等。翻譯的時候，通常把這些讓步狀語從句翻譯在主句前面。

No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.

不管我說什么，也不管我怎么說，他說是認為我錯了。

While we can not see the air, we can feel it.

我們雖然看不見空氣，但卻能感覺到它。

Granted that you don’t like the proposal, you shouldn’t have rejected it without consulting others.

即使你不喜歡這個建議，你也不應該沒有同別人商量就把它否決了。

五、目的狀語從句

在英語中，連接目的狀語從句的連接詞常常有：that(為了，以便)，so that(為了，以便)，lest(以防)，in case(以防，以免)，for fear that(以防)in order that(為了)等等。

(一)一般翻譯在主句前面。

一般來說，這種表示“為了”的目的狀語從句通常放在主句前面翻譯。

We should start early so that we might get there before noon.

為了正午以前趕到那里，我們很早就動身了。

(二)還可以翻譯在主句后面，表示“省(免)得”、“以免”、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等概念。

They hid themselves behind some bushed for fear that the enemy should find them.

他們躲在樹叢后面，以防被敵人發現。

六、結果狀語從句

(一)英語中，連接結果狀語從句的連詞常常有：so that, so...that, such...that, to such a degree等等，通?？梢苑g為“結果，如此...以致于...”，可以直接翻譯。

He made a wrong decision, so that half of his lifetime was wasted.

他做了錯誤的決定，結果浪費了自己半生的時間。

(二)有時候，如果在主句中含有“never, never so, not so, not such”等否定詞，“but that和but what”也可以連接結果狀語從句，構成雙重否定。翻譯的時候，可以翻譯為“沒有...不”。

She is not so old but that she can read.

他并沒有老到不能讀書。

She came in when I was having supper.

我正在吃飯的時候，她進來了。

He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her.

為了不驚醒她，他輕輕推開房門，悄悄地溜了出去。

狀語從句

用來修飾主句中的動詞，副詞和形容詞的從句叫狀語從句。根據其含義狀語從句可分為時間狀語從句，地點狀語從句，條件狀語從句，原因狀語從句，結果狀語從句，比較狀語從句，目的狀語從句，讓步狀語從句。

1. 時間狀語從句

(1)時間狀語從句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等連詞來引導。例如：

It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.

While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.

As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.

He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.

After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.

(2)在時間狀語從句里，通常不用將來時態，用現在時態表示將來的動作或狀態。例如：

I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.

I will tell him everything whenhe comes back.

He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.

(3)在帶有till或until引導的時間狀語從句的主從復合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到……時”，謂語動詞只能用延續性動詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 謂語動詞可用瞬間動詞。例如：

The young man read till the light went out.

Let’s wait until the rain stops.

We won’t start until Bob comes.

Don’t get off until the bus stops.

2. 條件狀語從句

(1)條件狀語從句通常由if, unless引導。例如：

What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?

Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.

(2)在條件狀語從句里，謂語動詞通常用現在時態表示將來的動作或狀態。例如：

I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.

He won’t be late unless he is ill.

(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句” 在意思上相當于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復合句。例如：

Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.

Study hard and you will pass the exam.

=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

3. 原因狀語從句

(1)原因狀語從句通常由because, since, as引導。例如：

He didn’t come to school because he was ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.

Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.

(2)because表示直接原因，語氣最強。Because引導的原因狀語從句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的問題，只能用because。As和since語氣較弱，一般用來表示明顯的原因。由as和since引導的原因狀語從居多放在句首。例如：

Why aren’t going there?

Because I don’t want to.

As he has no car, he can’t get there easily.

Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.

(3)because和so不能同用在一個句子里。

4. 結果狀語從句

(1)結果狀語從句由so…that, such…that, so that引導。例如：

He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.

She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.

My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.

(2)so…that語such...that可以互換。例如：

在由so...that引導的結果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結構是: “...so + 形容詞(副詞)+ that + 從句”。例如：

He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.

The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.

Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.

在由such…that引導的結果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數或復數可數名詞，也可以是不可數名詞;名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數可數名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。例如：

It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.

He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.

有時上述兩種結構是可以互換的。例如：

It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.

=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.

It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.

=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.

(3)如果名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時，只能用so, 不用such。例如：

Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.

He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.

5 目的狀語從句

(1)目的狀語從句通常由 so that, in order that引導。例如：

We started early so that we could catch the first train.

He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.

We usedthe computer in order that we might save time.

(2)so that既可引導目的狀語從句，又可引導結果狀語從句。區別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個：1)目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態動詞can, could, may, might等。2)從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如：

Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的狀語從句)

Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (結果狀語從句)

6. 讓步狀語從句

(1)讓步狀語從句通常由although, though等連詞引導。例如：

Though he is young, he knows a lot.

Although I am tired, I must go on working.

(2)although(though)不能用在同一個句子中。例如：

我們不能說：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.

應該說：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.

7. 地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句常常由where來引導。例如：

Go where you like.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

? 狀語從句課件

定語從句，起形容詞的作用，在句中常用來修飾名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞稱為先行詞,引導定語從句的詞稱為關系詞, 關系詞的作用一是放在先行詞與定語從句中間起引導作用;二是在意義上代替先行詞,并在從句中充當一個成分。其中關系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as;關系副詞：when, where, why。

eg. She is the girl who sings best of all.

The pen which my uncle gave me is missing.

He lives in a house whose windows face south.

The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.

Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.

eg. He is a man( ) never leaves today’s work till tomorrow.

The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.

2. 先行詞是人，作賓語，關系代詞用 whom, who, that,

eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.

The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.

eg . The train ( ) has just left is for Guangzhou.

Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.

4. 先行詞是物，作賓語，關系代詞用which, that,或省略

eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.

The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.

eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson.

China, ( ) population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast.

1. 先行詞是表示時間的名詞，在定從中作時間狀語，關系代詞用when

eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad.

I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army.

2. 先行詞是表示地點的名詞，在定從中作地點狀語，關系代詞用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地點名詞，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度時，也需用where

eg. This is the village ( ) Uncle Wang once lived.

They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other.

He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane.

3. 先行詞是reason，在定從中作原因狀語，關系代詞用why

eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late.

None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting.

4.引導定語從句的關系副詞也可以用“適當介詞 + which”來代替。

eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when ( = ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.

This is the factory where(= ) we worked a year ago.

I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school.

Ⅳ. 關系代詞that & which的區別:

① 先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代詞時。

eg. There is nothing ( ) can prevent him from doing it.

② 先行詞被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修飾時。

eg. This is the very book ( ) I’m looking for.

③ 先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時。

eg. The first place ( ) they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.

This is the best film ( ) I have ever seen.

④ 先行詞既有人又有物時。

eg. He talked about things and persons ( ) they remembered in the school.

⑤ 先行詞被the only, the very修飾時。

eg. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner ( ) he knows.

⑥ 句中已有who或which,為了避免重復時。

eg. Who is the man ( ) is standing beside Tom?

eg. He had failed in the maths exam , ( ) made his father very angry.

② 介詞 + 關系代詞。

eg. This is the room in( ) my father lived last year.

Ⅴ. as引導定語從句時的.用法(as 相當于that & which)

① as引導限制性定語從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結構中。

eg. This is the same book ( ) I lent you.

Such machines ( ) are used in our workshop are made in China.

② as引導非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置靈活，用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

eg. ( ) I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.

Taiwan, ( ) we all know, belongs to China.

Ⅵ. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的主要區別:

限制性定語從句: 一般緊跟在先行詞后面,不用逗號把從句與先行詞分隔開來。使先行詞的意思十分明確,成為特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就會失去意義不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能說明問題。通常譯為定語。

非限制性定語從句: 通常由逗號與句子其他成分隔開。只是對先行詞作進一步的說明,沒有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常譯為并列的句子。

eg. I was the only person in our office ( ) was invited.(去掉定語從句，意思就不完整)

Tom’s father, ( ) is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯)

即先行詞與關系代詞、副詞之間被介詞短語，同位語，謂語等分隔開來。

此種定語從句，在選擇關系詞時，要注意找準先行詞。

eg. There is an expression in his eyes ( )I can’t understand.

I was the only person in my office ( ) was invited to the important ball.

I suggest you choose someone I think ( ) is very kind and friendly.

選擇填空：

1. It was April 29, Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.

A. that B. when C. since D. before

2.)Gutter oil is illegally recycled cooking oil, contains chemicals that are harmful to the human body and can even cause cancer.

3. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy ice-cream.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

4. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.

A. they B. where C. what D. that

5. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, it will keep for two or three weeks.

A. when B. which C. where D. while

6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ------- uses it somewhat differently.

A. which B. what C. them D. those

7. A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.

A. when B. that C. where D. there

8. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ------ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

A. which B. where C. what D. who

9 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ------ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.

A. this B. that C. what D. which

10. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ------ had taken more than three years.

A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which

11. The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.

A. which B. whose C. when D. where

12.He was so pleased with all we had done for him he wrote us a letter to praise for it.

A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; that

13.The moon travels round the earth once every month, is known to everybody.

14. is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.

15.After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life ------- you need to decide what to do.

A. that B. what C. which D. where

16.The novel was completed in 1978, the economic system has seen great changes.

A. when B. during which C. since then D. since when

17.Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds have ever lived.

18.The world is made up of matter.

A. in that we live B. on which we live

C. where we live in D. we live in

19.David is such a good boy all the teachers like.

20.Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. he explained B. what he explained

C. how he explained D. why he explained

21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way he spoke to me.

22.That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen.

A. that B. which C. whose D. what

23.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ------- I met in the English speech contest last year.

A. who B. where C. when D. which

? 狀語從句課件

1 . asyouknowasisexpected

2 . He,whoknowsnothingbutPtendstoknoweverything,isindeedagood-for-nothing不懂裝懂,永世飯桶。

3 . 關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語必須與先行詞保持人稱和數的一致。例如：

4 . YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobeverybusy

5 . Thisisthemanthat//whohelpedme

6 . =ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMrLi(介詞后whom不能省略

7 . Hehadmanyfriends,manyofwhomhadbeenintheuniversities

8 . Hethattravelsfarknowsmuch行萬里者,見多識廣。

9 . ThisisthefactorywhereIworked

10 . that/whichweareinterestedin

? 狀語從句課件

1 . 關系副詞在定語從句中做狀語

2 . as引導的非限制性定語從句的位置比較靈活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，還可插在主句的中間;而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如：

3 . Aseverybodycanseeaswasusual

4 . the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha th street

5 . Theearth,asisknowntousall,turnsaroundthesun

6 . Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember

7 . HeisgoingtovisitourschoolinApril,whenhewillgive/deliverusalectureabouthowtolearnEnglish

8 . as和which引導的非限定性定語從句的比較：

9 . ②先行詞被序數詞或形容詞的最高級所修飾時

10 . ThustheArabUmayyeddynastyofcaliphs,whichhadmovedthecapitalfromMedinetoDamascusin,cametoberegardedwithmuchjustificationasaparasiticcliquethathadoutliveditsusefulnessoncetheconquestswerecompleted

? 狀語從句課件

1.Is this the factory _____ you visited the other day? A.that B.where C.in which D.the one 2.Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 3.Is this the factory _____ he worked ten years ago? A.that B.where C.which D.the one 4.The wolves hid themselves in the places _____couldnt be found.A.that B.where C.in which D.in that 5.Here is so difficult a question ____.A.that no one can answer B.which nobody can answer it C.as no one can answer it D.as nobody can answer 6.The reason is ____he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.whether 7.Antarctic ____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which B.where C.that D.about which 8.May the fourth is the day ____ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which B.when C.on which D.about which 9.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.which B.that C.who D.where 10.He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.A.two of whom B.both of whom C.both of which D.all of whom 11.Who can think of a situation ____ this idiom can be used? A.which B.that C.where D.in that 12.____ people spend so much money on their pets ____ us a lot.A.That;surprises B.What;surprising C.How;are surprised D.That;is surprised 13.The thought____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A.that B.what C.whether D.if

14.____ we are doing has never been done before.A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether 15.Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and ____ more that 10,000 years ago.A.this is Alaska B.Alaska is now C.is now Alaska D.what is now Alaska 16.____she couldnt understand was ____fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that 17.What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.how C.whether D.why 18.____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 19.Go and get your coat.Its ____you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 20.No one can be sure____ in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like 1-5

ADBAD

6-10 CDADB 11-15 CAABD

16-20ACCBA 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A.which B.that C.when D.on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read.A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D.what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it 27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;that D.for which;what 32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it

37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which

38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as

39.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A./ B.why C.when D.whose

40.Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though

41.---Did you ask the guard _______ happened?---Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that 42.I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which 43.The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are

44.During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 45.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it

46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house.5

A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 47.Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A.this school B.this the school C.this school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A.as B.that C.what D.who

49.I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been

參考答案及解析

1.A.which用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。

2．C.“和誰講話”要說speak to sb.本題全句應為Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。3.D.where是關系副詞，表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。4.C.when是關系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。

5．A.which是關系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。

6．C.解析同第5題。7.A.解析見第3題。

8.A.本句話的先行詞應該是films,因此，關系代詞that是負數概念，其謂語動詞應用復述的被動語態have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the，則the one應該視為先行詞。

9.A.“談到某事物”應說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。

10.A.with which是”介詞+關系代詞“結構,常用來引導定語從句.with有”用“的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定語從句中作狀語,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在從句中作狀語.12.D.with whom引導定語從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引導定語從句,在從句中作主語family的定語.14.A.that引導定語從句,因為先行詞是all,所以只能選用that引導.15.D.the same……..as是固定用法, as引導定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本句話中,as作從句的主語.16.D.such……… as是固定用法,as引導定語從句時,可以作主語,賓語或表語.在本題中,as作表語.17.B.as作關系代詞可以單獨用來引導非限制性定語從句。這時as所指代的不是主句中某個名詞，而往往指代整個主句的含義。as在從句中可以作主語、賓語。從句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作賓語.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定語從句.with whom放在從句中為:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引導定語從句時通常構成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。Such修飾單數名詞時,要用such a……..,本題中such books, such直接修飾復數名詞.20.B.things和persons是先行詞.當定語從句要修飾的先行詞是既表示人,又表示物的名詞時,其關系代詞要用that.21.D.who引導非限制性定語從句,who作從句的主語.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行詞person后有兩個定語從句,第一個從句省略了關系代詞whom.因為, whom作從句中met的賓語,可以省略.第二個從句who could do it.who在從句中作主語,不可省略.24.A.whose title引導非限制性定語從句,whose title也可以說成the title of which 25.A.for which 引導定語從句,使用介詞for,是來自于從句中的固定短語 be famous for ”以……..而聞名".26.C.當先行詞被such修飾時,引導定語從句的關系代詞要用as.As在本從句中作主語.27.A.兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關系代詞which或that來引導定語從句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等詞后的定語從句中，常用that來代替“in(或其他介詞)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。29.D.for which在定語從句中作原因狀語,可用why 來替代.30.B.which I have looked after 構成一個非限制性定語從句.31.A.The reason why… was that….已成為一種固定句型，這一句中的why和that不能隨意換位，也不能將that改成because，盡管that這個詞在譯文中可能有 “因為”的含義。

32.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導,which表示前句話的整個含義.33.A.解釋見28題.34.D.主句中的two表明不能選A.從句中的are表明不能選B.both of which用來引導非限制性定語從句.35.C.as引導定語從句時通常構成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修飾其后的名詞，as為關系代詞，指代其前的名詞引導定語從句。as在從句中可以作主語、表語或賓語。本題中as作從句的主語.36.B.非限制性定語從句常用which引導,which表示前句話的整個含義.37.D.38.D.解析見35題.39.A.he makes是定語從句, 從句前省略了關系代詞that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定語從句.41.A.what happened是賓語從句.all 之后that he knew是定語從句.先行詞是all,所以關系代詞只能用that.42.D.years是表示時間的名詞,用when引導定語從句,是因為when在從句中作時間狀語.第二個空選用which,引導一個非限制性定語從句.43.C.本句話的定語從句是who own cars.其先行詞是people,因此,定語從句的謂語動詞要用復數的own。本句話主句的主語是The number of指“…..的數目”，是單數概念。因此，主句的謂語動詞要用is。

44.D.that followed是定語從句，關系代詞that在從句中作主語。45.A.先行詞gas被only修飾，關系代詞要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引導定語從句，through which即through the hole,在定語從句中作狀語。What引導的是see的賓語從句，并作從句的主語。

47.B.為便于理解，改寫本句話：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不難看出，作表語的the school是先行詞。that引導了定語從句，因為that同時又作visited的賓語，所以被省略了。其它選項結構不對。48.A.解釋見35題。

49.C.因為是two ballpens, 并且定語從句的謂語writes是單數概念。因此，C是正確選項。

50.B.本句話中，主句的主語是all

? 狀語從句課件

知識點總結

一、讓步狀語從句

所謂讓步，就是我們日常生活中“退一步說……”的意思，有一種轉折關系在里面。引導讓步狀語從句的連詞主要有以下這些：though, although,while, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑問詞，疑問詞-ever，一般翻譯為“盡管……”或“即使……”，“無論……”。用法如下：

1、though, although表示“雖然，縱然”之意。這兩個連詞意思大致相同，在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中，though較常使用，although比though正式，二者都可與yet， still或never，the less連用，但不能與but連用。例如：

Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong. 他雖然年紀大了，身體還很健壯。

值得注意的是，although引導的讓步狀語從句位于主句之前的情況較多，though引導的讓步狀語從句可位于主句之前或主句之后。

狀語或動詞原形，though也可用于這樣的結構中，但although不可以這樣用。例如：

Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.)盡管他學習很努力，但幾乎沒取得什么進步。

3、 even if, even though 表示“即使……”，“縱使……”之意，含有一種假設。這兩個復合連詞的意思基本相同。它們?；Q使用，但意義有細微差別。even if引導的讓步從句含有強烈的假定性，可用來表示與事實相反的'假設，但不能用來描述已經發生的事實。而even though引導讓步狀語從句時，是以從句的內容為先決條件的，即說話人肯定了從句的事實，表示已經發生了的事。例如：

We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天氣不好，我們也要作一次旅行。

4、whether...or...表示“不論是否……”，“不管是……還是……”之意。由這一個復合連詞引導的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結果。例如：

You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要參加這個典禮。

5、“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”的含義為“……都……；不管……都……”它們引導的讓步狀語從句可以互換。例如：

No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind.)無論發生了什么，他都不會介意的。

但“no matter+疑問詞”結構只能引導讓步狀語從句，而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導名詞性從句。例如：Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you. (Whatever 引導讓步狀語從句)無論你說什么，我都不會相信你。

I'll eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引導賓語從句)你給我吃什么，我就吃什么。

二、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句一般是指含有比較級的句子中由as或than引起的從句。從某種角度上說，它也是一種方式狀語從句，例如：

He moves more slowly than his sister does. 他行動起來比他妹妹慢。

He works as hard as his brother（does）. 他學習和他哥哥一樣努力。

常見考法

對于讓步和比較狀語從句的考查，多以單選和完形填空的形式，從連詞的意義角度讓大家選擇連詞。

典型例題： it is very late now, the workers are still working in the factory.

A Although B As C When D If

解析：本題考查讓步狀語從句的連詞的用法。根據句意“盡管現在很晚了，工人們仍然在工廠工作”，前后有轉折關系，是讓步狀語從句。

誤區提醒

用though/although, as 引導讓步狀語從句時，句中不能用but表示轉折語氣。例如：

不能說：Though he looks weak, but he is healthy.

而要說：Though he looks weak, he is healthy.

或者說：He looks weak, but he is healthy.

典型例題：Though it rained heavily yesterday, he got to school on time.

A but B / C and

解析：題干的意思是“盡管昨天下大雨了，他還是按時到達了學?！?，前后是轉折關系，有同學可能會選A，但hough/although和but不能同時使用，所以選B。

? 狀語從句課件

1 . 修飾表示人的先行詞例如:

2 . Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?

3 . 先行詞被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等詞修飾或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定詞修飾時。例如：

4 . Afriendissomeonewhoknowsallaboutyouandstilllovesyou朋友就是這樣的人——他了解你的一切而仍然喜歡你。

5 . doyouthinkthepicturethatistakenbyjohnisgood?

6 . Thisisthemanwhohelpedme

7 . Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother

8 . 非限定性定語從句和主句的關系不十分密切,只是對先行詞作些附加的說明,如果去掉,主句的意思依然清楚這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開,一般不用that引導

9 . ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasATaleofTwoCities

10 . Thehouse(that//whichweliveinisnotlarge

? 狀語從句課件

【專題要點】狀語從句考點概覽：1.when， while， as引導時間狀語從句的區別；2.名詞詞組the minute， the moment， the first time， each time， any time等用作連詞，引導時間狀語；3.before，和since引導時間狀語從句的用法以及常見的幾個句型；4.till和until的用法；5.although， though， as以及even if， even though引導讓步狀語從句的用法；6.結果狀語從句中“so ----that”與“such---that”的區別；7.條件狀語從句unless， providing/provided， suppose/supposing等引導詞的用法；8.“疑問詞+ever”和“no matter+疑問詞”引導從句的`用法

【考綱要求】考綱要求在復習狀語從句中掌握如下幾點：1.全面掌握狀語從句的九大類別；2.根據歷年高考試題，對狀語從句的考點要進行全面的歸納，在九大類別中的考查熱點中，重點把握在引導時間、地點、條件、讓步、比較、原因狀語從句的連詞運用上；3.熟練運用出現頻率較高讓步狀語從句和原因狀語從句；4.做好易混詞的辨析如：as， when， while等，時間狀語從句因為連接詞容易出現在一些常用結構里也經常出現；5. 掌握狀語從句中的時態、語態、語氣、省略；6.與其它從句、句型結合起來分析、辨析

【教法指引】狀語從句是是中學的重點語法項目，也是高考常考的語法項目之一，分析近五年來的高考題幾乎每年各省市都考查到它。根據其用途，狀語從句在復合句中作狀語，修飾主句中的謂語動詞、副詞、形容詞或整個句子?？煞譃闀r間、原因、地點、目的、結果、條件、讓步、比較及方式等類型，可以分為九大類。不同的狀語從句使用不同的連接詞，有時同一個連接詞可連接不同的狀語從句，表示不同的意義因此教師在引導學生備考復習的過程中應該做到：

1 熟悉這九大類別的狀語從句的不同的連接詞的意義和用法

2準確判斷主從句的邏輯關系，同時還要注意區分詞義相近的連詞、介詞和副詞

3 解題的過程中要注意時態、語態、語氣、語序的統一

? 狀語從句課件

嘉興英語教學網收集整理歡迎使用

專題九并列句和狀語從句

高考命題聚焦

1．(2011年高考山東卷)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.A．even if

B．if only C．in case

D．so that 解析：句意：他準備好了相機，以便他看到好的東西就隨時拍下來。even if “即使”，引導讓步狀語從句； if only“如果??就好了”，引導虛擬條件句；so that 引導目的和結果狀語從句，均不符合句意。由句意可知應選in case，意為“以防萬一”。答案：C 2．(2011年高考天津卷)________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A．If

B．As C．Although

D．Unless 解析：句意：雖然有規律的鍛煉很重要，但在臨睡覺前鍛煉卻從來不是個好主意。if可引導條件狀語從句，表示“如果”；as 可引導時間狀語從句，表示“當??時”，若引導讓步狀語從句，句子需用倒裝；分析前句“有規律的鍛煉很重要”和后句“臨睡前鍛煉卻不好”可知，前句為后句的讓步狀語，故選C項，although 表示“雖然”，可引導讓步狀語從句；unless 表示“除非”，引導條件狀語從句。答案：C 3．(2011年高考江西卷)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you.A．whenever

B．however C．whichever

D．wherever 解析：句意：請打電話讓我的秘書安排一個會議，在今天下午或是任何你方便的時候。whenever無論何時；however無論如何；whichever無論哪一個；wherever無論何地。此處or連接的是和this afternoon并列的兩個時間狀語(從句)，故只有A項正確。答案：A 4．(2011年高考陜西卷)________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.A．Since

B．While C．If

D．As 解析：句意：盡管他們都是很有實力的求職者，但是只有一個人會被選中擔任這一職位。since因為，既然；while盡管；if如果；as因為。根據句意選while。答案：B 5．(2011年高考福建卷)It was April 29,2011________Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A．that

B．when C．since

D．before 解析：句意：2011年4月29日，威廉王子與凱特·米德爾頓步入了婚禮殿堂。分析句子結構可知，April 29,2011為定語從句的先行詞，從句缺少時間狀語，故用when引導。此題易誤選A項that，認為這是強調句型“It's/was＋被強調部分＋that...”的應用。若選 that 的話，April 29,2011前要加介詞on。答案：B

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核心考點突破

一、句子的分類

二、并列句的基本概念

并列句是由兩個或兩個以上并列而又獨立的簡單句構成。在并列句中，這些簡單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡單句被稱為分句。

三、常見的并列句

1．表遞進關系：用來表遞進關系的并列連詞有and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。

(2011年高考山東卷)Find ways to praise your children often，________you'll find they will open their hearts to you.A．till

B．or C．and

D．but 句意：如果你能找到一些方法來經常表揚你的孩子，你就會發現他們會向你敞開心扉。本題所考查的句式為“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示條件，后面的陳述句表示條件下的結果，故用 and 連接；or表示“否則”，與句意不符。

C 2．表選擇關系：常用的并列連詞有or，either...or...，otherwise等。Either you are right，or I am.要么你對，要么我對。Don't drive so fast，or/otherwise you'll have an accident.不要開那么快，否則你會出事的。

3．表轉折關系：常用的并列連詞有but，yet，whereas，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.簡說她病了，但剛才我在街上看到了她。

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Some men are rich，while/whereas others are poor.一些人很富有但其他人很貧窮。

4．表因果關系：常用的并列連詞有so，for。It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，到處都這么濕。

實習報告網（Sxw9.com）編輯們的工作避坑指南:

實習報告集合?|?十七大后?|?專業實習報告集合?|?會計實習報告集合?|?狀語從句課件?|?狀語從句課件

The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.商店都關門了，所以我沒買到牛奶。

5．when還可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時，這時”，相當于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：(1)sb.was doing sth.when...(2)sb.was about to/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...(3)sb.had just done sth.when...。

We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我們正在開會，這時突然有人闖了進來。

We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我們正打算動身，突然下起了雨。

典例2](2011年高考浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.A．after

B．while C．since

D．when 句意：一個周五，我們正在打包裹動身去過周末，就在這時我女兒聽到了呼救聲。表示“正在做某事??就在這時(突然)??”用be doing sth.when…，所以D項正確。

D 6．while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.他喜歡流行音樂，而我喜歡民間音樂。

一、時間狀語從句 1．when，while和as when引導的從句的謂語動詞既可是一個持續性動詞，也可是非持續性動詞；while引導的從句的謂語動詞必須是持續性的，側重主句動作和從句動作相對比；as引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是持續性動詞，也可以是非持續性動詞，有“隨著”之意，多用于主從句動作同時發生。

2．as soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when，once等引導的從句都表示從句的動作一發生，主句的動作隨即就發生，常譯為“一??就??”。3．till，until和not(...)until till，until引導時間狀語從句時，主句的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞，主從句都為肯定式，意為“某動作一直延續到某一時間才停止”。not(...)until引導時間狀語從句時，主句的謂語動詞必須是非延續性動詞，從句為肯定式，意為“直到……才……”。not(...)until還可以用于強調句和倒裝句。4．before和since 若表達“沒過……就，過了……才”之意時，須用連詞before，句式為“It was/will be＋時間段＋before...”；since意為“自從……”，句式為“It is/has been＋時間段＋since...”。

5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，any time等名詞短語引導時間狀語從句時，分別表示“每次……，每次……，下次……，第一次……，任何時候……”。

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Mary made coffee ________her guests were finishing their meal.A．so that

B．although C．while

D．as if 此處的while表示“當??的時候”，表示兩個動作同時發生；“瑪麗煮咖啡”和“她的客人吃完飯”這兩個動作是同時進行的，因此要用while。

二、讓步狀語從句

1．讓步狀語從句表示盡管有某種不利于主句動作發生的條件存在，主句中的情況依然會出現。引導讓步狀語從句的連詞比較多，常見的有：although，though，while；even if＝even though；no matter＋疑問詞＝疑問詞＋ever；whether…or...。

although與though兩者意思相近，用法也相近，都可以與yet，still或nevertheless連用，但不能和but連用。2．as引導讓步狀語從句要倒裝

as引導讓步狀語從句時，狀語、表語及謂語動詞的一部分應置于as之前。若表語是名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。

Tim is in good shape physically ________he doesn't get much exercise.A．as

B．even though C．unless

D．as long as 句意：盡管Tim鍛煉得不多，但他的身材保持得很好。此處的even though表示讓步，意為“即使”。

B(2011年高考遼寧卷)No matter how________，it is not necessarily lifeless.A．a desert may be dry

B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry

D．dry may a desert be 句意：一個沙漠無論多么干旱，也不一定就沒有生命。how 與形容詞和可數名詞單數連用的順序為：how＋形容詞＋a(n)＋可數名詞單數，與其用法一樣的還有so，too等。如：so difficult a question 如此難的一個問題；It's too long a journey to make in one day.旅程太遠，一天之內到不了。故選B。

三、條件狀語從句

引導條件狀語從句的連詞有：if，unless(＝if...not)(除非)，so(as)long as(只要)，in case(以防萬一)，on condition that(條件是)，supposing(that)(假設)，provided/providing(that)(假如)等。

(2011年高考江蘇卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.________，we'd better take it to the garage immediately.A．Otherwise

B．If not C．But for that

D．If so 句意：聽起來好像汽車的發動機出了故障。如果這樣的話，我們最好馬上把它開到維修廠(修理一下)。otherwise否則，要不然； if not如果不是這樣的話；but for that 要不是那樣。以上三項均不符合句意和語境。if so“如果這樣的話”，符合句意和語境。if so 相當于 if something is wrong with the car's engine。

D(2011年高考湖南卷)Jack wasn't saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him________he had done something very clever.第 4頁

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A．as if

B．in case C．while

D．though 句意：杰克什么也沒說，但是老師朝著他笑，就好像他做了非常明智的事情一樣。

as if 好像；in case以防萬一；while當??時候，而，卻；though盡管。由句意可知應選A項。

四、地點、原因狀語從句 1．地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句是表示主句謂語動詞的動作發生的地點的狀語從句，引導詞有where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等。2．原因狀語從句

引導原因狀語從句的連詞有：because，as，since，now(that)，for，seeing(that)，considering that等，每個連詞的含義不盡相同。

Today，we will begin________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A．when

B．where C．how

D．what 句意：今天我們從昨天我們停止的地方開始，以便我們不遺漏任何一點。where引導地點狀語從句。

五、目的、結果狀語從句

1．引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。

Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since

B．even if C．soon after

D．in case in case引導目的狀語從句，意為“以防萬一”，符合題意。ever since引導時間狀語從句，意思是“自從”；even if引導讓步狀語從句，意思是“即使”。

五、目的、結果狀語從句

1．引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。

Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since

B．even if C．soon after

D She had a tense expression on her face，________she was expecting trouble.A．even though

B．as though C．so that

D．now that 題意：她表情緊張，好像預料到麻煩要來。as if/though引導方式狀語從句，意為“好像”。而even though引導讓步狀語從句，意為“即使”。

B 高考秘笈

狀語從句的易錯點

________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A．However a serious problem

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B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem

C 該句意“無論你有多么嚴重的問題，你都應該鼓起勇氣面對挑戰”，由此可知，應由however引導讓步狀語從句，語序為“however＋形容詞＋a(n)＋單數名詞”。如果對however的詞性不明確，會導致誤選A項。

考查狀語從句的題目，應著重考慮以下幾點。

1．要根據前后句的邏輯關系判斷是哪一種狀語從句。2．注意when/while/as引導時間狀語從句時的異同。3．注意區別until和till的不同用法。

4．一些名詞短語和副詞以及一些固定句式都可以表示“一……就……”的意思。5．注意because/as/since/now that等引導原因狀語從句時異同。

6．although與though可以引導讓步狀語從句，不能與but連用，但可以與yet連用。7．no matter who/what/where/how等可引導讓步狀語從句，相當于whoever/whatever/wherever/however等。但whoever/whatever/ whichever還可引導名詞性從句。

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? 狀語從句課件

狀語從句(狀語從句的引導詞都是連詞)一．時間狀語從句

1.when； while； as 作為“當”區別

while：①后接延續性動詞，強調主句動作在從句動作過程之中發生

eg.While you are in the post office, could you post the letter for me? ②位于句首表“雖然”，位于句中表“然而”

eg.While he is young, he has been to many countries.(雖然)

He is young, while he has been to many countries.(然而）As: ①當強調主句動作與從句動作同時或幾乎同時發生

eg.As the starter’s pistol fires, you should begin to run as soon as possible.②正如eg.He walks as a duck does.③隨著 eg.As time goes by, my views on things are changing all the way.④因為 eg.As everyone is here, we begin our meeting.⑤盡管（倒裝）eg.Child as he is, he has been to many countries.介詞：作為 eg.As a teacher I should set a good example for students.When: 既可以同時，先后，之中發生，后也可以接延續性動詞或非延續性動詞

①固定句型主句（過去進行時）+ when +從句（過去式）強調從句動作于主句動作過程之中發生。

Eg.I was reading, when my mother came in.②既然

eg.When you have got such a good job, why do you want to change to another?

③在….之后

eg.When I graduated, I began to work.④ 突然，這時

eg.I was about to tell her the secret, when someone patted me on the shoulder from behind 2.一…..就……

as soon as;the moment;the minute;the instant;hardly……when;

barely…..when;scarcely…..when;no sooner….than

eg.The boys jumped into the swimming pool as soon as they arrived at the swimming pool.eg.The boys had hardly arrived at the swimming pool when they jumped into swimming pool.eg.Hardly had the boys arrived at the swimming pool when they jumped into swimming

pool.(部分倒裝句---助動詞位于主語前，格式同一般疑問句)3.與time有關

The first time, next time, the last time, each time, every time, by the time The first time I met her, I fell for her.Next time I met her, I returned the money to her.The last time I met her, it was 5 years ago.Each/ every time I pass by the shop, I will sit down to eat something.By the time +過去時間/過去時句子

主句（過去完成時）By the time +將來時間/一般時句子

主句（將來完成時）By last October, I had started to work.By the time I graduated, I had started to work.By next oct.I will have started to work.By the time I graduate, I will have started to work.4.雜項

Until, not…..until, since, before, after Until 譯成“直到”是終點，主句動作必須是延續性動詞，I did my homework until my mother came back.Not….until 譯成“直到…才”是起點，I did not do my homework , until my mother came back.Since和before It + be +一段時間+__ 連詞___+從句（時態）It will be + 一段時間+ __before____+從句(一般時）It was +一段時間+____before____+從句（過去時）It is/ has been +一段時間+___since______+從句（過去時）It was +一段時間+___since______+ 從句（過去完成時）

It was eight o’clock ___A___ I came back.it was at eight o’clock ___B____ I came back.A.when

B.that C.before D.since

二．讓步狀語從句

1.though/although 雖然，不與but連用

Though it is cloudy, it is very hot.2.even if /enen though 即使

even if是不存在的事實，even though是已存在的事實

Even if you have 10 million dollars, you should not waste money.(你沒有一千萬)

Even though you have 10 million dollars, you should not waste money.(你有一千萬)3.even so 即便如此 even though +句子

Your father is a good driver;even so, I dare not travel in his car.Even though your father is a good driver, I dare not travel in his car.4.while 位于句首表“雖然”，位于句中表“然而” eg.While he is a little child, he has been to many countries.He is a little child, while he has been to many countries.5.however = no matter how

Whatever=no matter what

Whichever=no matter which……….eg.However hard you may study english, you can not master it in a month.6.whether……or…..要么。。要么。。，無論

eg.Whether you play or do something else, please don’t disturb me.7.as/though 倒裝

名詞（零冠詞）/形容詞/副詞/動詞+ as/though 從句，+ 主句 Child as he is, he has read a lot of books.Yong as/though he is, he has read a lot of books.Hard as/though he worked, he can’t support his big family.Try as/though he did again, he failed again.三．原因狀語從句

Because, since, as, for, in that(原因在于), now that（既然，由于）, considering(that)=given(that)考慮到，seeing(that)鑒于，not that……….but that………不是因為而是因為 Because用法：

1.why提問，一定用because回答 eg.----Why were you late?----Because I helped a blind man to cross the crossing road.2.表語從句中

eg.It was because he had helped a blind man to cross the crossing road.3.強調句中 it is/was + 被強調的成分 +that +剩余句子

I t was because he had helped a blind man to cross the crossing road that he became late Since/as 大家都知道的原因 since比as 正式 eg.Since everyone is here, we begin our meeting.For 非直接性原因

eg.It is broken, for the birds are singing.Eg.Seeing your house is far away from here, you are allowed to arrive here one hour later.The train D331 stopped to take passengers, in that it poured.Now that it is very hot, shall we go swimming?

Considering /Given(that)we are all tired, we can take a nap.Not that I don’t like playing basketball, but that I am under the weather today.四．條件狀語從句

If, unless(if……not), on condition that(條件是)，as/so long as(只要)，in case(以防)，once（一旦），suppose that, supposing that, providing that, provided that, given that Eg.The terrorists agree to set free the hostages, on condition that we give them five million dollars.Carry umbrella with you, in case it rains.Suppose that you only have ten-day life, what will you do?

五.目的狀語從句

So that….，so…….that……，in order that……, for fear(that)=lest唯恐，以免 Eg.He sdudied hard, for fear that he should fall behind.He got up so early that he could catch the first bus.六．結果狀語從句

So….that，such…..that，so that….Eg.He got up so early that he caught the first bus.So + adj./adv.+ that eg.She looks so pretty that all people likes her.She worked so hard that he got promoted soon.So adj.+a/an +n.that

such +a/an+ adj..+n that It is so tall a tree that we can’t surround it.It is such a tall tree that we can’t surround it.Such adj.+不可數名詞/可數名詞復數

+that It is such good weather that we should go climbing.They are such tall trees that we can’t see its top.So many/much/little/few +不可數名詞/可數名詞復數

+that There are so many books on the table that I can’t use it to study on.There is so little water in the pond that we can see its bottom.七.比較狀語從句

Than, the more……the more…..(越…..越…..)，as…….as……(和…..一樣….)，not as/so…… as…..Eg.People always think that the more expensive the cloth is, the better the quality is.He always does as much as he promises

八．方式狀語從句

As（正如）, as if/as though(正如), the way（用….的方式）Eg.He walks as a duck does.He talks about America as if he had been there before.I dealt with the business the way he tought me to.It looks/appears/seems as if/though …….看上去好像

It looks as if it is going to rain.As if/though to do就好像要

He opened his arm, as if to fly.九．地點狀語從句

Where Eg.Please put the book back where you took it.

? 狀語從句課件

時間狀語從句練習題

一、鞏固練習

1.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes __d___ I heard the voices.A.as

B.after

C.while

D.when 2.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong ____a____ she rang me up.A.when B.than C.that D.and 3.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ____d____ I could answer the phone.A.as

B.since

C.until

D.before 4.The roof fell __c___ he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.A.before

B.as

C.after

D.until 5.Scientists say it may be five or ten years __a___ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.since

B.before

C.after

D.when 6._d__ the Internet is bringing the distance between people, it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.A.When

B.If

C.As

D.While 7.____a____ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out.A.Immediately B.The moment C.The while D.All the above 8.I saw Mr.Smith last Sunday.We had not seen each other ___c_____ I left London.A.as

B.before

C.since

D.till 9.The problem won’t be settled until we ____a____ a chance to discuss it thoroughly.A.have had

B.will have

C.will have had

D.would have 10.Why do you want to find a new job ______d__ you’ve got such a good one already? A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

二、高考真題

1.I used to love that film ___b__ I was a child, but I don't feel it that way any more.(2008遼寧卷)A.once B.when C.since D.although 2.Nancy enjoyed herself so much ___c__ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.（2008福建）A.that B.which C.when D.where 3.There were some chairs left over ___b__ everyone had sat down.（2008四川卷）A.when B.until C.that D.where 4.In some places women are expected to earn money __b__ men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.though 5.___b___the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.(2008卷)A.If B.While C.Because D.As 6.I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time __a__ Brian get back.（2008北京卷）A.before B.since C.till D.after 7.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ___a_____ we’ve actually had that lesson.[2007 天津卷] A.until B.after C.since D.when

8.He was told that it would be at least three more months ______b_____he could recover and return work.A.when B.before C.since D.that

9.____d____ I really don’t like art ,I find his work impressive.[2007 山東卷] A．As B．Since C．If D．While

10.The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months;it will be a long time ___b__ we meet them again.[2007 安徽卷]

A.after B.before C.since D.when

? 狀語從句課件

1 . as引導的非限制性定語從句的位置比較靈活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，還可插在主句的中間;而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如：

2 . Ilikethesamebookasyoudo

3 . ThefilmswasquitemovingWesawitlastnight

4 . 嵌套式定語從句是指一個句子中定語從句套定語從句的情況。這種結構中的定語從句其實和自由式定語從句基本相似，拆開來也是一個獨立的定語從句，只不過一個定語從句在另一個定語從句之中而已。因此，其翻譯也與簡單的定語從句相同。這里也僅舉一例加以說明：

5 . Hisspeech,whichboredeveryone,wentonandon

6 . Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuy?

7 . 關系副詞when,where,why的含義相當于"介詞+which"結構，因此常常和"介詞+which"結構交替使用，例如：

8 . 該句中由which和that引出兩個定語從句，分別修飾做主語用的theArabUmayyeddynastyofcaliphs和作賓語用的aparasiticclique，翻譯時一個被譯成并列句，一個被譯成定語。

9 . iamtheonewhowrotetoyou

10 . Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhichcoverisgreen請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

? 狀語從句課件

一、狀語從句中的方式狀語從句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though, by引導。

as, (just) as…so…引導的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…結構中位于句首，這時as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是“正如…”，“就像”，多用于正式文體，例如：

1)Always do to the others as you would be done by.

你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。

2)As water is to fish, so air is to man.

我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。

3) You must try to hold the tool as I do.

4) Leave the things as they are.

5) We must do as the Party tells us (to do).

我們必須按照黨的指示辦事.

6) Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。

as if 和as though 引導的從句中的時態取決于說話者對所談內容的態度。若說話者認為其看法是真的或可能會成為事實，從句謂語就按常規變化。例如：

1)He looks as if he is angry.

他看上去好像生氣了。

2)It looked as if there would be an exciting race.

看來要有一場激動人心的比賽。

3)When the soaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed，the astronauts feel as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor.

當宇宙飛船以巨大的速度離開地球時，宇航員們覺得自己好像正在被壓向宇宙飛船的底壁上去。

二、如果從句的內容是不真實的，是與事實相反的，從句的謂語時態要用虛擬語氣。主句謂語用一般現在時態，對從句的謂語形式沒有影響。

兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反，有時也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實或實現的可能性較大。漢譯常作“仿佛……似的”，“好像……似的”。這兩個連詞經常用在be，act，appear，behave，fell，look，seem，smell，sound，taste及其他描寫行為舉止的動詞之后，引導一個方式從句。例如：

1 )They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.

他們完全忽略了這些事實，就仿佛它不存在似的。(與事實相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。)

2)He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lightning.

3)It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.、

三、需要注意的是：as if / as though也可以引導一個分詞短語、不定式短語、形容詞或介詞短語，例如：

1)He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time.

他目不轉睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。

2)He cleared his throat as if to say something.

他清了清嗓子，像要說什么似的。

3)The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.

波濤沖擊著巖石，好像很憤怒。